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pelajaran moral : don’t believe your eyes

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Sudahkah kita siap dengan interkoneksi IP ?
hanya penasaran..

Ada yang tau ?
Mengingat akan terjadi nya konvergensi pada fixed (PSTN) dan mobile (PLMN) menuju IP-based Next Generation Networks (NGN).

Interkoneksi yang diatur untuk jaringan PSTN/PLMN tentulah berbeda di bandingkan dengan jaringan IP,
tidak hanya pada level teknik, tetapi juga kewajiban regulasi nya.

Yaa, semoga aja, kita tanggap terhadap hal ini.
Menuju QoS yang baik.

Hari ini , seperti biasa, ada tugas mengecek jumlah subscriber yang mau di hapus.
Untuk menghitung jumlah subscriber di UNIX, biasa nya aku make command wc -l.
Aneh nya..jumlah subscriber yang aku tau itu sebanyak 1937, ketika di wc -l menjadi 1936.

Seingatku , tadi nge-count di SQL juga hasil nya 1937…?
Penasaran, aku hitung menggunakan Notepad ++, hasil nya tetap 1937.
Ku coba hitung lagi make Ultra Edit, hasil nya tetap 1937.

?
Akhirnya, buat ngeyakinin kenapa bisa begitu, aku mencoba bikin file txt dengan 100 baris. Ketika di count di UNIX, jumlah nya 99.

Selidik punya selidik, ternyata wc -l itu akan menghitung baris yang mempunyai n.

Klo kata Alfa, untuk UNIX, akhir tiap baris itu n,

sedangkan Windows itu rn.

Hmm..klo begitu, ada baik nya bikin 1 baris lagi ketika di UNIX..supaya count nya benar.

“Hello everyone;

I am looking for any cases that has been implemented to build such kind of proxy which converts SNMP alarms from network elements into SMS and send it to the SMSC over SMPP .”

“Hi,

You may want to have a look on these tools:
- www.nagios.org
- www.snmptt.org

Those are opens source apps which has ready to use modules to receive SNMP alarms and do some actions: send email, SMS, etc.”
- from corporate mailinglist-

Whoa, what an email. I didn’t understand those mail at the first time I read it. But, when I read “nagios” word..I think I understand a bit..

“Nagios”

I use Nagios for daily monitoring network elements. It’s such a great monitoring tool, and guess what. It can also send notification when problem encountered with email, IM, SMS, etc. And guess again ! it’s free ! yeah!

Okey, now. Let’s learn.

How to install Nagios. For your information, I’m not an expert about Nagios, and I’m installing this Nagios at my Ubuntu in VMware - also not an expert of *Nix thing.

System Requirements:
Apache2
GD Library
Nagios (currently 3.0rc1 last time I downloaded it at 01/05/0
Nagios Plugins (currently 1.4.11 last time I download it at 01/05/0
Basic Compilers

Access Requirements:
Root Password

Special Commands:
Sudo (run root commands)

Preinstall
Open a terminal window by selecting Applications, Accessories, and Terminal.
1) Install Basic Compilers
Type ‘sudo apt-get install build-essential’.

2) Install GD Libraries
Type ‘sudo apt-get install libgd2-dev’. If it doesn’t work, type ‘sudo apt-get install libgd2-xpm-dev’.

3) Install Apache2
Type ‘sudo apt-get install apache2’.

4) Download Nagios 3x
Go to http://www.nagios.org and download the newest tarball to the desktop.

5) Download Nagios 1.4.x Plug-ins
Also available at http://www.nagios.org and download the newest tarball of the Nagios Plugins to the desktop.

6) Nagios Install
Within the terminal window type the following commands:
cd ~/Desktop
tar xzf nagios-3.0rc1.tar.gz
cd nagios-3.0rc1

adduser nagios (this is default, change for your usage if needed. Fill in information as needed (password, user information))
mkdir /etc/nagios (change for your usage if needed, take note of change this will be the install url)
chown nagios.nagios /etc/nagios
grep “^User” /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
/usr/sbin/groupadd nagcmd (default, change for your usage, take note of change)

Adds a group named nagcmd to Ubuntu for allowing external commands from the Web UI.

/usr/sbin/usermod –G nagcmd www-data (user for apache)

/usr/sbin/usermod –G nagcmd nagios (user for nagios)

./configure –prefix=/etc/nagios –with-cgiurl=/nagios/cgi-bin –with-htmurl=/nagios –with-nagios-user=nagios –with-nagios-group=nagios –with-command-group=nagcmd ( If you don’t change anything, just copy this)

(./configure –prefix=prefix –with-cgiurl=cgiurl –with-htmurl=htmurl –with-nagios-user=someuser –with-nagios-group=somegroup –with-command-group=cmdgroup
Replace prefix with /etc/nagios (unless urlschanged)
Replace cgiurl with /nagios/cgi-bin
Replace htmurl with /nagios (default)
Replace someuser with nagios (unless otherwise changed)
Replace somegroup with nagios (unless otherwise changed)
Replace cmdgroup with nagcmd (unless otherwise changed)
Verify general options look accurate)

make all
make install
make install-init (creates /etc/init.d/nagios functionality)
make install-commandmode (creates permissions for folders)
make install-config (creates sample config files)

7) Install Nagios Plugins
Within the terminal window type the following commands:
cd ..
tar xzf nagios-plugins-1.4.11.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-1.4.11

./configure –prefix=/etc/nagios –with-cgiurl=/nagios/cgi-bin

(./configure –prefix=prefix –with-cgiurl=someurl
Replace prefix with /etc/nagios (unless urls changed)
Replace cgiurl with /nagios/cgi-bin)

make
make install
make install-root

8 ) Configure Apache
Within the terminal window type the following commands:
sudo gedit /etc/apache2/httpd.conf

Once file opens, paste in the following lines:

ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin /etc/nagios/sbin

<Directory “/etc/nagios/sbin”>
Options ExecCGI
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName “Nagios Access”
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /etc/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
Require valid-user
</Directory>

Alias /nagios /etc/nagios/share

<Directory “/etc/nagios/share”>
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName “Nagios Access”
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /etc/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
Require valid-user
</Directory>

Change the folder urls with information used above if changed, save and close.

/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
htpasswd –c /etc/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin (if this does not work, use cd /etc/nagios/etc; htpasswd -c htpasswd.users nagiosadmin)

Replace nagiosadmin if required.
Enter in a password which will be used for Web UI

I’m using Ubuntu in VMware, so don’t forget to change the network address to localhost.
more /etc/hosts
ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0

in terminal
sudo gedit /etc/apache2/httpd.conf

add the line:
ServerName localhost

save the file.

then in terminal:
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

9) Setup User Access in Nagios
In the terminal type the following commands:
/etc/nagios/bin/nagios –v /etc/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg (unless urls changed)

This should return clean at this point.

ln -s /etc/init.d/nagios /etc/rcS.d/S99nagios ( for auto start)

/etc/init.d/nagios restart

10) Try Nagios on web browser
Open your web browser and enter the url: http://localhost/nagios/

Voila!

Now, you can try to play around and have some fun with Nagios .

Considering I ‘ve installed Nagios at VMware, you might have some problem with Apache.

Try to shutdown VMware, close it. And try it again. Hope it can help.

Thanks to ubuntu forum ! gosh..I should save that post..Anyway thanks to cavern,-jon !

Definisi

IN merupakan elemen switching dan signaling, yang mensentralisasi sejumlah inteligensi pada prosesor database, dan aplikasi di dalam network alih alih di dalam central switching device.

IN dibuat dari komponen yang menukar pesan dengan central switching device (MSC), menjalankan servis (SCP), mendukung Intelligent Peripheral (IVR) dan di manage oleh end user menggunakan Service Management System (SMS)

IN didesain untuk performance, high availability dan scalable, dan dynamic configuration.

History

Penampilan IN pertama kali didalam fixed line network yang udah mature menyediakan fitur, seperti tollfree dan freephone number service.

Arsitektur awal mobile network tidak mengakomodasi IN. Fakta bahwa kamu bisa membawa mobile phone bersama mu merupakan fitur ‘killer‘

tetapi ketika subscriber dan telco menuntut untuk fitur baru ,mengenalkan kita pada protokol seperti CAMEL (Customised Applications for Mobile Enhanced Logic)

dengan adanya arsitektur IN pada mobile network, datanglah fitur seperti :

• prepaid service
• real time charging
• enhanced roaming - kemampuan untuk mengakses fitur yang tersedia didalam home network, sewaktu kita roaming didalam network operator lain.

Isu dengan Telco Network Tradisional

Semua fungsi telephony didalam switch

• Hanya menyediakan fitur basic. Kita butuh service yang lebih kompleks.
• Kompleksitas dibuat didalam switch, yang berarti :

- time consuming development
- susah untuk deploy
- costly
- kontrol terkonsentrasi oleh vendor switch

Motivasi untuk IN Service

Untuk me-remove inteligensi dari core switching devices sehingga service :

• bisa di develop lebih cepat
• bisa di deploy lebih cepat
• semua Network Service Intelligence bisa dikontrol dari sebuah lokasi sentral
• setidak nya less cost , dengan adanya komponen re-usable
• fleksibilitas tinggi dalam interfacing dengan OSS/BSS systems
• di dalam platform yang fleksibel yang bisa me manage volume trafik, dan prioritas tergantung pada business needs

Keuntungan Bisnis

Arsitektur IN memberikan keuntungan bisnis :

• service bisa di custom dan di develop secara cepat. Berarti memberikan operator keuntungan kompetitif dengan menawarkan service yang unik.
• karena service dibangun dari blok fitur yang re-usable, service baru, bisa di develop secara cepat dan pada cost yang bisa dikurangi.
• karena IN bisa mendukung multiple open telecommunication system protocol. Service bisa di deploy melewati berbagai tipe network yang ada tanpa perlu me re-build sistem baru. Ini penting seiring kita menuju New Generation Network ( sebagai contoh IP based telephony ,dsb)

Oke, inilah list yang dibuat Michael Trapp, penulis knowhow-now.com,.

List ini based on job growth, sales of certification training material, dan “a little guess work.”

1. MCP (Microsoft Certified Professional)

2. CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate)

3. MCPD (Microsoft Certified Professional Developer)

4. SCJP (SUN Certified Java Programmer)

5. CISSP (Certified Information Systems Security Professional)

6. Comptia A+

7. Comptia Network +

8. MCTS SQL Server 2005 (The Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist)

9. RHCE (Red Hat Certified Engineer)

10. Comptia Security+

hmm..which one should we aim first?

-Apa itu Intelligent Network ?

• Definisi IN (Apa sih itu ?)
• Sejarah IN ( Bagaimana kita bisa sampai ke sini ?)
• Isu dengan Jaringan Telekomunikasi tradisional
• Motivasi untuk make IN ( Kenapa kita peduli ?)
• Keuntungan bisnis

- Arsitektur Dasar IN

• Arsitektur dan Komponen Jaringan Telephony (GSM)
• Diferensiasasi  Jaringan  Signaling dan  Suara
• Arsitektur IN dalam kolaborasi dengan jaringan GSM

- Basic Call Flow

• GSM Call
• GSM Call dengan Interaksi IN

Mari.. mari bahas satu per satu

n

SMP

10 PRINT "HELLO WORLD"

20 END

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE>Hello, World Page!</TITLE>

</HEAD>

<BODY>

Hello, World!</BODY></HTML>

#include <iostream.h>

main(){for(;  

{cout << "Hello World! ";}}

class HelloWorld

{public static

void main (String args[])

 {for (;  

{System.out.print("Hello World ");}}}

while 1,

disp('hello world')

end

while (/bin/true)

 doecho "Hello, World!"

done

/* Mas, bikinin program dengan

output string

"Hello World!"  */